Engels have based his work upon the works of his. It provided a systematic social explanation for the emergence of women's oppression in relation to the historical development of social institutions, together with the birth of private property, the rise of patriarchy and the establishment of the State.
The Origins of Private Property and the State by Frederick Engels was first published in 1884. As the stages of family develop, came the contradictions it stirred in its wake, which evidently appeared in its highest stage, monogamy. The changes of power relations within the family between the opposite sexes were not an instant change which came about overnight it was a gradual and continuous shift of power from the mother right, to the father right, owing to the economic and societal circumstances of their time. These changes, be it social or economic, were fundamental in Engels' historical analysis and exposition of women's oppression.
Engels have noted the 4 stages of family, which are: Consanguine, Punalauan, Pairing, and finally, the Monogamian family. 2 Families have also developed according to the changes brought by every epoch. 1 The second epoch, which is Barbarism, starts from the invention of pottery and the domestication of animals to the discovery of iron and the invention of iron tools, together with the emergence of division of labor and the sudden decline of communistic practices and societies, paving the way for the institution of the state. The first epoch, savagery, starts from the human's descent from its tree dwellings, in its lower stage to the earliest human settlement in villages, as its last or upper stage. The first two epochs were divided into three, and they've both laid the foundation for the establishment of civilization. Engels have followed Morgan's general outline of the three main epochs of social evolution which is savagery, barbarism, and civilization. Engels have based his work upon the works of his Historians and Anthropologists predecessors such as Johann Jakob Bachofen's Mother Right, John Ferguson McLennan's Primitive Marriage, and most importantly Lewis Henry Morgan's Ancient Society, whom the general outline of the book was built upon.
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